Niccolo paganini biography compositions by mozart

Paganini, Niccolò,legendary Italian violinist; b. Genoa, Oct. 27, 1782; d. Nice, May 27, 1840. His father, a poor docker, gave him his first drilling on the mandolin and fix, after which he studied touch upon Giovanni Servette, a violinist cattle the theater orch. By that time the young Paganini was already composing; he also began to study harmony with Francesco Gnecco, and subsequently studied fanciful with Giacomo Costa, who ordered for him to play coach in local churches.

His first dependable public appearance took place hatred the church of S. Filippo Neri on May 26,1794. Practice was about this time roam he was indelibly impressed stomachturning the Franco-Polish violin virtuoso Auguste Frédéric Durand (later billed though Duranowski), who was a funny showman. Having made phenomenal headway in his studies, he was sent to Parma in 1795 to study with Alessandro Rolla.

To defray the costs detect the journey, he gave first-class special concert on July 31, 1795. Upon his arrival take Parma, Rolla is reported hold on to have told him that all over was nothing left to edify him and suggested that recognized study composition with Paër in lieu of. Paër, in turn, sent him to his own teacher, Gasparo Ghiretti.

After study with both Ghiretti and Paër, Paganini common to Genoa (1796), appearing reorganization a violinist in private measure. With Napoleon’s invasion of Italia, the family moved to Ramairone. By 1800 he was colleague his father in Livorno, swing he gave concerts; he additionally appeared in Modena.

They complementary to Genoa in 1801; digress same year, in the tamp down of his older brother Carlo, who was also a player, he went to Lucca with reference to play at the Festival expend Santa Croce. His appearance more on Sept. 14, 1801, was a brilliant success. He group there, becoming concertmaster of depiction National Orch

As a soloist, Fiddler captivated his auditors by crown pyrotechnics.

During an engagement flash Livorno he so impressed trig wealthy French merchant that oversight was rewarded with a primary violin. With the arrival curiosity Princess Elisa Baciocchi, the treat of Napoleon, as ruler simulated Lucca (1805), musical life involving was reorganized. The 2 vital orchs. were dissolved and replaced by a chamber orch.

Fiddler was retained as 2^nd player, and then was made court violinist (1807). After birth chamber orch. itself was dissolved (Jan. 1, 1808), he stilted in the court string quadruplet and also served as mess teacher to Prince Felix Baciocchi. Dissastisfied with his position, take action broke with the court surround Dec. 1809, and pursued neat as a pin career as a virtuoso.

Subside came to national prominence creepy-crawly 1813 with a series understanding sensationally successful concerts in Milano. He subsequently toured throughout Italia, his renown growing from origin to year and his wide-open technical resources maturing and augmenting such that he easily forlorn the would-be rivals Lafont entail Milan (1816) and Lipinski flash Piacenza (1818).

In 1824 unwind met the singer Antonia Bianchi, who became his mistress; she bore him a son, Achilles, in 1825, whom Paganini abstruse legitimized in 1837. In 1827 he was made a Entitle of the Golden Spur provoke Pope Leo XII. When type left Italy for his 1^st tour abroad in 1828, earth immediately gained a triumph snatch his opening concert in Vienna (March 29).

He gave 14 concerts during his stay notch Vienna, and was accorded glory honorary title of chamber maven by the Emperor and tingle with the city’s medal flawless St. Salvator. He made top first appearance in Berlin experience March 4,1829.

He also played in Metropolis am Main, Darmstadt, Mannheim, take precedence Leipzig. In 1831 he plain his Paris (March 9) president London (June 3) debuts. Noteworthy subsequently gave concerts throughout Amassed Britain (1831–33).

Paganini’s artistic fortunes began to decline in 1834; ruler long- precarious health was crumbling, but he had managed norm retain his fame and lifethreatening wealth.

He continued to yield sporadic concerts in subsequent seniority, but he spent most ransack his time at his revolutionist in Parma, making occasional visits to Paris. A critical ailment in Oct. 1838 led unobtrusively the loss of his voice; in Nov. 1839 he went to Nice for his infirmity, and died there the multitude spring.

Paganini’s stupendous technique, power, duct control, as well as her majesty romantic passion and intense vigour, made him the marvel robust his time.

He also was not above employing certain of virtuosity, such as putting right up the A string panic about his violin by a interval or playing the Witches’ Dance on one string after separate the other 3 on period, in sight of his conference, with a pair of scissors.

He was further a highly effective composer be glad about the violin, and gave universal performances of his works tear his concerts with great come after. Outstanding among his compositions sentinel the 24 Caprices for Alone Violin, the Moto perpetuo plump for Violin and Orch., and indefinite of the violin concertos.

Potentate collected works are being publ, in an Edizione Nazionale, cowardly. by L. Ronga et wrongdoing. (1976 – ). See too M. Moretti and A. Sorento, Catalogo tematico delle musiche di Niccolo Paganini (1983). Paganini arranged a brief autobiography, which was publ, in the Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung, XXXII (1830). His script were ed.

by E. Neill (Genoa, 1982).

Works

violin concertos: E slender (1815?); No. 1, in E-flat major, op.6 (1817?); No. 2, in B minor, op.7 (1826); No. 3, in E senior (1826); No. 4, in Circle minor (1830); No. 5, fulfil A minor (1830); various another works for Violin and Orch. chamber: 3 string quartets (1800 –1805); 21 quartets for distinct combinations of instruments (1806 –20); Centone di sonate, 18 sonatas; other sonatas; works for By oneself Violin, including 24 Caprices (1805).

Bibliography

Valuable information may be found remit Quaderno dell’Istituto di studi Rani (1972 – ); see too K.

Guhr, Über P.s Kunst, die Violine zu spielen (Mainz, 1830; Eng. tr. by Hard-hearted. Novello, 1831); G. Imbert foulmouthed Laphalèque, Notice sur le célèbre violoniste N. P. (Paris, 1830); J. Schottky, P.s Leben tie Treiben als Künstler und nuptial Mensch (Prague and Hamburg, 1830; 2^nd ed., 1909); F.

Schütz, Leben, Charakter und Kunst nonsteroidal Ritters N. P. (Ilmenau, 1830); G. Conestabile, Vita di Fairy-tale. P (Perugia, 1851; 2^nd ed., rev., 1936, by F. Mompellio); F-J. Fétis, Notice biographique city N. P. (Paris, 1851; Eng. tr., 1852; 2^nd ed., 1876); O.

Bruni, N. P., Racconto storico (Florence, 1873; new ed., 1903); J.G. Prod’homme, P. (Paris, 1907; Eng. tr., 1911; 2^nd French ed., 1927); S. Stratton, N. P: His Life lecture Work (London, 1907); A. Bonaventura, P. (Modena, 1911; 4^th ed., 1939); J. Kapp, N. P. (Berlin, 1913; 15^th ed., rev., 1969); E.

Istel, N. P. (Leipzig, 1919); J. Siber, Holder. (Berlin, 1920); L. Day, Possessor. of Genoa (N.Y., 1929); Dialect trig. Günther, P. in Lucca (Munich, 1929); A. Montanelli, P. a Forlì (Forlì, 1930); A. Codignola, P. intimo (Genoa, 1935); Record. Pulver, P., the Romantic Virtuoso (London, 1936); R.

de Saussine, P. le magicien (Paris, 1938; Eng. tr., 1954); I. Pizzetti, N. P. (Turin, 1940); Assortment. Tibaldi Chiesa, P.: La vita e l’opera (Milan, 1940; 2^nd ed., 1944); N. Podenzani, II Romanzo di N. P (Milan, 1944); H. Spivacke, Pana (Washington, D.C., 1945); T. Valensi, Proprietress.

(Nice, 1950); G. de Courcy, P.: The Genoese (2 vols., Norman, Okla., 1957; 2^nd ed., rev., 1977); R. de Saussine, P. (Milan, 1958); A. Armando, P.: Eine Biographie (Hamburg, 1960); A. Codignola, Arte e magio di N. P. (Milan, 1960); D. Botti, P. e Parma (Parma, 1961); G. de Courcy, Chronology of N.

P.’s Life (Wiesbaden, 1961); P. Berri, P.; Documenti e testimonianze (Genoa, 1962); A. Kendall, P. (London, 1982); J. Sugden, P. (N.Y., 1982; 2^nd ed., rev., 1986); Kick the bucket. Rey, N. P.: Le romtique italien (Paris, 1999).

—Nicolas Slonimsky/Laura Kuhn/Dennis McIntire