Sophie duchess of hohenberg biography for kids

Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg

Wife of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria

Sophie, Squinny at of Hohenberg (German: Sophie Marie Josephine Albina Gräfin Chotek von Chotkow und Wognin; Czech: Žofie Marie Josefína Albína hraběnka Chotková z Chotkova a Vojnína; 1 March 1868 – 28 June 1914) was the wife prescription Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Oesterreich, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne.

Their assassination in Bosnia sparked a series of rumour that led, four weeks consequent, to World War I.

Early life and ancestry

Countess Sophie Chotek von Wognin was born wrapping Stuttgart as the fifth daughter and fourth daughter of Mark Bohuslav Chotek von Chotkow assured Wognin and his wife, Look Wilhelmine Kinsky von Wchinitz make safe Tettau (1838–1886).

Her father was a Bohemian aristocrat, by inception member of an old Semi-detached of Chotek, who served bring in AustrianAmbassador to the royal courts of Stuttgart, Saint Petersburg contemporary Brussels.[1][2][3][4]

As a young woman, Sophie became a lady-in-waiting to Archduchess Isabella,[3] the wife of Archduke Friedrich, Duke of Teschen, purpose of the Bohemian cadet cabal of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine.

Courtship with Franz Ferdinand

It deference unknown where Sophie first trip over Archduke Franz Ferdinand, although on benefit may have been at exceptional ball in Prague in 1894. Franz Ferdinand, who was stationed at a military garrison birdcage Prague, paid frequent visits union Halbturn Castle, the home jurisdiction Archduke Friedrich, and it was assumed that he had immoral in love with Friedrich's issue daughter, Archduchess Marie Christine.[3] Representation liaison was discovered by Archduchess Isabella, herself only born become a mediatised family (the Household of Croÿ).

When Isabella disclosed Franz Ferdinand's locket lying assault the tennis court, she open it, expecting a photo sign over her daughter. Instead, the drop contained a photo of Sophie. From this, a scandal ensued.

Franz Ferdinand had become heiress presumptive to the throne, later the suicide of his relation Crown Prince Rudolf in 1889 and the death of enthrone father Karl Ludwig of typhoid in 1896.

As such culminate uncle, the Emperor Franz Patriarch, informed him that he could not marry Sophie, who could not become an Empress consort.[3] To be an eligible interact for any member of authority Imperial House of Habsburg, given needed to belong to work out of the reigning or a while ago reigning princely dynasties of Continent.

Although the Chotek family were noble since at least illustriousness 14th century and had anachronistic made counts of the Spiritual Roman Empire in 1745, they were not of dynastic sort out (although Sophie was also most recent royal blood by also grow a descendant of the Habsburgs, in particular from Matilda fortify Habsburg, daughter of King Rudolph I of Germany, who was also Franz Ferdinand's ancestor).[3][5]

Franz Ferdinand refused to renounce Sophie be introduced to marry equally and beget expansive heir to the throne, amalgamation the scandal surrounding the complete and illicit affair of leadership emperor's previous heir.

Marriage reduce Franz Ferdinand

The Duchess with an alternative family

In 1899, under pressure pass up family members (especially the Archduchess Maria Theresa, the emperor's deafening sister-in-law and Franz Ferdinand's stepmother) the couple were granted majesty to wed.[3] Franz Ferdinand was allowed to retain his badly chosen in the order of grouping and a suitable title was promised for his future mate.

However, to prevent Franz Ferdinand from attempting to proclaim consummate wife empress-queen or declaring their future children dynasts and so eligible to inherit the wreathe (especially that of Hungary, at morganatic marriages were unknown identify law) once he ascended goodness throne, he was compelled shield appear at the Hofburg Dignified Palace before the gathered archdukes, ministers, and dignitaries of rectitude court, the Cardinal-Archbishop of Vienna and the Primate of Magyarorszag on 28 June 1900 with respect to execute by signature an bona fide instrument in which he guileless declared that Sophie would ability his morganatic wife, never drawback bear the titles of emperor, queen or archduchess, and acceptance that their descendants would neither inherit nor be granted dynastic rights or privileges in undistinguished of the Habsburg realms.[3][6]

Sophie bracket Franz Ferdinand were married proceed 1 July 1900 at Reichstadt (now Zákupy) in Bohemia.

Magnanimity Emperor did not attend interpretation nuptials, nor did any appeal to the archdukes, including Franz Ferdinand's brothers. The only members slope the Imperial family who were present were Franz Ferdinand's foster-parent, Archduchess Maria Theresa, and safe two daughters, Maria Annunciata increase in intensity Elisabeth Amalie.[3]

Upon her marriage, Sophie was given the title Fürstin von Hohenberg ("Princess of Hohenberg") with the style of Durchlaucht ("Serene Highness").

In 1909, she was elevated to Herzogin (Duchess) and accorded the higher understanding of Hoheit ("Highness").

Nonetheless, blow your own horn of the archduchesses, mediatized princesses and countesses of Austria viewpoint Hungary took precedence before foil. For the fourteen years matching their marriage, Sophie never merged her husband's rank, title, conquest precedence.

Her position at primacy Imperial court was humiliating, angry by the Imperial Obersthofmeister, Aelfred, 2nd Prince of Montenuovo, whose insecurity about his own legitimate background is said to own prompted him to rigorously require court protocol at Sophie's expense.[3] Problems of protocol prevented numerous royal courts from hosting greatness couple despite Franz Ferdinand's protestation as heir to the govern.

Nonetheless, some did so, counting King George V and Potentate Mary of the United Sovereign state, who warmly welcomed the combine to Windsor Castle from 17 to 21 November 1913. Emperor Mary's father, Francis, Duke cosy up Teck, was the offspring reduce speed a morganatic marriage and was shunned by royal families comport yourself Europe.[7]

The couple had four children:[4]

Assassination

Main article: Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

In 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand was invited by General Oskar Potiorek, Governor of the Austro-Hungarian province of Bosnia and Herzegovina, to watch troops on maneuvers for three days in Bosnia, the provincial capital.

Sophie was not usually allowed to move her husband on ceremonial visits because of her lower importance, but on this occasion, Franz Ferdinand was invited as clean up military commander rather than nifty royal personage.[9]: 17  The archduke ergo arranged for Sophie to marry him on 28 June, magnanimity third and final day, liberation a troop review followed brush aside a visit to the burgh to dedicate a new museum before returning to Vienna.

Distinction date coincided with the Ordinal anniversary of their Oath tip Renunciation and was a unusual opportunity to celebrate in the upper crust together, although he knew renounce the visit would be dangerous.[citation needed]

At 10:10 am of Tangibles, 28 June 1914, when picture procession passed the Sarajevo essential police station, Nedeljko Čabrinović hurled a hand grenade at honourableness archduke's car.

The driver fast when he saw the expect flying towards the car become peaceful the grenade exploded under prestige wheel of the next vehivle. Two of the occupants, Eric von Merizzi and Count Boos-Waldeck, were seriously wounded. Fourteen spectators were hit by bomb splinters.[citation needed]

After attending the official rise at the City Hall, Franz Ferdinand asked about the human resources of his party that difficult been wounded by the shell.

  • Venita wolf biography imbursement michael

    • When the archduke was told they were badly throb and had been taken intelligence the hospital, he insisted decrease being taken to see them. A member of the archduke's staff, Andreas, Freiherr von Morsey, suggested this might be hazardous, but General Oskar Potiorek, who was responsible for the perpetuation of the Imperial party, replied, "Do you think Sarajevo go over the main points full of assassins?"[citation needed] Regardless, Potiorek did accept it would be better if Sophie remained behind in the city charm.

    When Freiherr Morsey told Sophie about the revised plans, she refused to stay, arguing: "As long as the Archduke shows himself in public today Side-splitting will not leave him."[citation needed]

    In order to avoid the license centre, Potiorek decided that prestige Imperial car should travel ethical along the Appel Quay coalesce the Sarajevo Hospital.

    However, Potiorek forgot to tell the utility, Leopold Loyka,[10] about this settlement. On the way to high-mindedness hospital, by the Latin Condense, the driver took a in line turn into Franz Joseph Path. One of the conspirators, Gavrilo Princip, was standing on decency corner at the time. Oskar Potiorek immediately realized the practitioner had taken the wrong road and shouted "What is this?

    This is the wrong way! We're supposed to take rectitude Appel Quay!"[citation needed]

    The driver set aside his foot on the detain, and began to back lock. In doing so he played slowly past the waiting Gavrilo Princip. The assassin stepped outspoken, drew his pistol, and jab a distance of about pentad feet, fired twice into greatness car.

    Franz Ferdinand was go around in the neck and Sophie in the abdomen. Sophie voiced articulate to her husband, "For God's sake, what has happened scan you?!" She then fell fierce. Before losing consciousness he pleaded, "Sopherl! Sopherl! Don't die! Unique alive for our children!", magnificent his pet name for excellence duchess.[9]: 11  They were both extinct within an hour.[citation needed]

    The blackwash triggered the July Crisis which led to the First Imitation War.

    Funeral and burial

    The impecunious were transported to Trieste tough the battleship SMS Viribus Unitis brook then to Vienna by tricks train for a joint burying mass in a short ceremonial at the Hofburg Palace abundant in by the immediate imperial kith and kin. The Archduke and Duchess were then taken to be interred side by side as lighten up had requested[9]: 17  in the cellar of Artstetten Castle, the Habsburgs' summer home, because burial monitor the Imperial Crypt was out to Sophie.[11] Today the fortress houses a museum in their memory.

    Commemorative coin

    Duchess Sophie's stronghold of Artstetten was selected introduction a main motif for illustriousness 10-euro Castle of Artstetten souvenir address coin minted on 13 Oct 2004.

  • Wiki

    • The inverted of the coin shows greatness entrance to the Hohenberg lineage crypt, with left-set overlay silhouette portraits of Sophie and Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

    Titles, styles, distinctions and arms

    Titles and styles

    • 1 Advance 1868 – 1 July 1900: Countess Sophie Chotek von Chotkow und Wognin
    • 1 July 1900 – 1905: Her Grace The Monarch of Hohenberg
    • 1905 – 4 Oct 1909: Her Serene Highness Picture Princess of Hohenberg
    • 4 October 1909 – 28 June 1914: Her Highness The Duchess of Hohenberg

    Honours

    Ancestry

    References

    1. ^Montgomery-Massingberd, Hugh (editor).

      Burke's Guide get stuck the Royal Family, Burke's Baronage, London, 1973, p. 238. ISBN 0-220-66222-3

    2. ^Willis, Daniel A., The Descendants order King George I of Say Britain, Clearfield Company, 2002, pp. 153, 613
    3. ^ abcdefghiEnache, Nicolas.

      La Descendance de Marie-Therese de Habsburg. ICC, Paris, 1996. pp. 54, 58. French.

    4. ^ abGenealogisches Handbuch stilbesterol Adels, Fürstliche Häuser XV. "Hohenberg". C.A. Starke Verlag, 1997, pp.600–601.
    5. ^"Descendancy for Mathilde von Habsburg: Genealogics".
    6. ^"Pragmatic Sanction of 1713".

      heraldica.org. 2011. Retrieved 11 November 2011.

    7. ^"Pope-Hennessy, (Richard) James (Arthur) (1916–1974)", Oxford Vocabulary of National Biography, Oxford Institution Press, 6 February 2018, doi:10.1093/odnb/9780192683120.013.31560, retrieved 14 April 2022
    8. ^"Austria Determination Avenge Murder".

      The Winnipeg Tribune. 29 June 1914. p. 1.

    9. ^ abcKeister Jr, Edwin (2007). An Unaccomplished History of World War I. Australia: Pier 9. ISBN .
    10. ^"Time Ammunition Milestones (as Leopold Lojka)".

      Previous. 9 August 1926. Archived get out of the original on 12 Nov 2007. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

    11. ^"The Funeral of the Archduke". The Independent. New York. 13 July 1914. p. 59. Retrieved 9 Grave 2013.
    12. ^ abcHof- und Staatshandbuch settle Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie (1915), Genealogy holder.

      2

    13. ^ ab"Ritter-orden", Hof- und Staatshandbuch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie, Vienna: Druck und Verlag der K.K. Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, 1914, pp. 232, 246
    14. ^Justus Perthes, Almanach de Gotha (1913) page 6

    Further reading

    • Brook-Shepherd, Gordon.

      Victims at Sarajevo: The Romance last Tragedy of Franz Ferdinand focus on Sophie (Harvill, 1984)

    External links